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Journal of Child Neurology
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Article

A Suggested Approach to the Etiologic Evaluation of Status Epilepticus in Children: What to Seek After the Usual Causes Have Been Ruled Out

Nathan Watemberg, MD* and Gil Segal, MD

Child Neurology Unit, Meir Medical Center, Tel Aviv University School of Medicine, Kfar Saba, Israel

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: nathan.watemberg{at}clalit.org.il.


  Abstract
Status epilepticus represents a true neurologic emergency that requires immediate treatment to stop seizure activity and prompt diagnostic evaluation to recognize potentially treatable causes. Although an etiology may be detected in many cases, in a significant number of patients the cause is not established by the usual laboratory or neuroimaging studies. We performed an extensive literature review of all unusual and often overlooked causes of status epilepticus in children, in an attempt to provide physicians with practical information on the diagnostic approach to patients, particularly those with refractory status epilepticus, for whom an etiology can not be detected by routine diagnostic protocols.

First published on October 15, 2009
Journal of Child Neurology 2009, doi:10.1177/0883073809337032
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