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Journal of Child Neurology, Vol. 10, No. 2 suppl, 2S40-2S44 (1995)
DOI: 10.1177/088307389501000206

Carnitine in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

Mark Mintz, MD

University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School at Camden, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Cooper Hospital/ University Medical Center, Camden, NJ

There is an increasing body of evidence that subgroups of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 possess carnitine deficiency. Secondary carnitine deficiencies in these individuals may result from nutritional deficiencies, gastrointestinal disturbances, renal losses, or shifts in metabolic pathways. However, tissue depletion precipitated by drug toxicities, particularly zidovudine, is a major etiology and concern. Carnitine deficiency may impact on energy and lipid metabolism, causing mitochondrial and immune dysfunction. There are convincing laboratory data showing the in vitro ameliorative effects of L-carnitine supplementation on zidovudine-induced myopathies and lymphocyte function. Studies measuring the impact of L-carnitine supplementation on clinical characteristics are ongoing. (J Child Neurol 1995; 10(Suppl):2540-2544).


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