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Neuroimaging in Spasticity and Movement Disorders

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, hoon{at}kennedykrieger.org, Division of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD

Karin M. Belsito, MD

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, Division of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD

Lidia M. Nagae-Poetscher, MD

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Baltimore, MD

Advances in neuroimaging provide unique opportunities to evaluate brain structure, biochemistry, and function. Although a number of imaging techniques have been used in newborns, cranial ultrasonography in premature infants and nuclear magnetic resonance modalities, including magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging, in high-risk term infants are of foremost benefit. Interpretation is based on knowledge of characteristic imaging findings in specific childhood neurologic disorders and an understanding of differential diagnosis in cerebral palsy syndromes, such as spastic diplegia and various subtypes of extrapyramidal cerebral palsy. This review focuses on imaging studies that can be effectively used in at-risk infants and in children with spasticity and movement disorders to refine diagnosis and guide therapeutic interventions. (J Child Neurol 2003:18:S25—S39).

Journal of Child Neurology, Vol. 18, No. 1 suppl, S25-S39 (2003)
DOI: 10.1177/08830738030180010501


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