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Valproate-Induced Eosinophilia in Children With Epilepsy: Role of Interleukin-5

Department of Child Health University Hospital of Ioannina Ionnina, Greece, me00350{at}cc.uoi.gr.

Meropi Tzoufi, MD, PhD

Department of Child Health University of Ioannina Medical School Ioannina, Greece

Maria D. Kateri, PhD

Department of Statistics and Insurance Science University of Piraeus Piraeus, Greece

Konstantinos I. Bourantas, MD, PhD

Hematology Clinic University of Ioannina Medical School Ioannina, Greece

Zoe L. Papadopoulou, MD, PhD

Department of Child Health University of Ioannina Medical School Ioannina, Greece

Interleukin-5 contributes both in eosinophilopoiesis and neural development. Serum interleukin-5 levels were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique in 68 children with epilepsy receiving sodium valproate monotherapy and compared with the levels of 60 healthy controls and 14 children with epilepsy receiving carbamazepine. Eosinophilia was observed in 35.3% of children receiving valproate. Interleukin-5 in valproate users was significantly higher compared with children receiving carbamazepine and controls. Valproate users who exhibited eosinophilia had higher interleukin-5 levels compared with those without eosinophilia. However, the interleukin-5 level was also elevated, although to a lesser degree, in children without eosinophilia. The majority of valproate responders had high interleukin-5 levels. A positive correlation between interleukin-5 levels and the eosinophil count was also noted. We postulate that valproate contributes to the pathogenesis of eosinophilia, probably inducing interleukin-5 production. The finding that serum interleukin-5 was significantly elevated in valproate responders and even in valproate users without eosinophilia suggests that the increase in interleukin-5 might represent one of valproate's antiepileptic mechanisms. (J Child Neurol 2005;20:150—152).

Journal of Child Neurology, Vol. 20, No. 2, 150-152 (2005)
DOI: 10.1177/08830738050200022201


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