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Journal of Child Neurology, Vol. 21, No. 5, 365-371 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/08830738060210050201
© 2006 SAGE Publications

Reviews

Topical Review: Animal Models of Germinal Matrix Hemorrhage

Janani Balasubramaniam, MSc

Department of Pathology, University of Manitoba and Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

Marc R. Del Bigio, MD, PhD, FRCPC

Department of Pathology, University of Manitoba and Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, MB, Canada, delbigi{at}cc.umanitoba.ca

Germinal matrix hemorrhage refers to bleeding that arises from the subependymal (or periventricular) germinal region of the immature brain. Clinical studies have shown that infants who experience germinal matrix hemorrhage can develop hydrocephalus or suffer from long-term neurologic dysfunction, including cerebral palsy, seizures, and learning disabilities. Understanding the causative factors and the pathogenesis of subsequent brain damage is important if germinal matrix hemorrhage is to be prevented or treated. Appropriate animal models are necessary to achieve this understanding. A number of animal species, including mice, rats, rabbits, sheep, pigs, dogs, cats, and primates, have been used to model germinal matrix hemorrhage. This literature review critically evaluates the animal models of germinal matrix hemorrhage. Each model has its own advantages and disadvantages; no single model is suitable for the study of all aspects of brain damage. (J Child Neurol 2006;21:365—371; DOI 10.2310/7010.2006.00074).


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