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Management and Risk Factors for Dyslipidemia With the Ketogenic Diet

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions

Zahava Turner, RD

John M. Freeman Pediatric Epilepsy Center, Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland

James E. Rubenstein, MD

John M. Freeman Pediatric Epilepsy Center, Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland

Paula L. Pyzik, BA

John M. Freeman Pediatric Epilepsy Center, Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland

Eric H. Kossoff, MD

John M. Freeman Pediatric Epilepsy Center, Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, ekossoff{at}jhmi.edu

A prospective study was performed of all children started on the ketogenic diet at our institution for intractable epilepsy from January 2003 to March 2007 (n = 137), examining for baseline and follow-up total cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Interventions for dyslipidemia were analyzed for their effectiveness. At baseline, 25% of children had hypercholesterolemia (>200 mg/dL), which increased to 60% for those receiving the ketogenic diet. Children receiving a solely formula-based ketogenic diet were less likely to have hypercholesterolemia than those eating solid food after adjusting for age and initial ketogenic ratio (P < .001). Only a slightly higher likelihood of a 20% decrease in cholesterol occurred for those children in whom a dietary intervention was made compared with observation alone (60% vs 41%; P = .11). Hypercholesterolemia occurs in most children receiving a solid food based ketogenic diet but improved in approximately half, even without interventions.

Key Words: ketogenic diet • cholesterol • lipids

Journal of Child Neurology, Vol. 23, No. 7, 758-761 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0883073808318061


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