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Journal of Child Neurology
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Neurologic Manifestations of Pediatric Chikungunya Infection

Stéphanie Robin, MD

Service de Pédiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Départemental Félix Guyon, La Réunion, France, st-robin{at}chd-fguyon.fr

Duksha Ramful, MD

Service de Réanimation Néonatale et Pédiatrique, Centre Hosptalier Départemental Félix Guyon, La Réunion, France

Florence Le Seach, MD

Service de Pédiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Départemental Félix Guyon, La Réunion, France

Marie-Christine Jaffar-Bandjee, MD

Service de Biologie, Centre Hospitalier Départemental Félix Guyon, La Réunion, France

Gérald Rigou, MD

Service de Radiologie, Centre Hospitalier Départemental Félix Guyon, La Réunion, France

Jean-Luc Alessandri, MD

Service de Réanimation Néonatale et Pédiatrique, Centre Hosptalier Départemental Félix Guyon, La Réunion, France

Chikungunya virus, a mosquito-borne arbovirus, was responsible for a massive epidemic in La Réunion Island during 2005 to 2006. The disease is usually benign, but neurologic involvement, with sometimes fatal outcome, has been described. We report a retrospective hospital-based pediatric series of 30 children (23 boys and 7 girls) who presented neurologic manifestations of chikungunya such as encephalitis (n = 12), febrile seizures (n = 10), meningeal syndrome (n = 4), and acute encephalopathy (n = 4). Cerebrospinal fluid biological and cytological analyses (n = 23) were unremarkable except for 1 case of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. The presence of viral genome in cerebrospinal fluid was inconstantly positive. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans (n = 14) were abnormal in 5 cases. Electroencephalography was nonspecific. Two patients died. At discharge and 6 months later, 5 children had neurologic sequelae. Patients with initial severe neurologic presentation and having pathological brain MRI had more sequelae or fatal disease.

Key Words: chikungunya • arbovirus • encephalitis • seizures

This version was published on September 1, 2008

Journal of Child Neurology, Vol. 23, No. 9, 1028-1035 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0883073808314151
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